| GeoTIFF Revision 1.0 |
GeoTIFF Revision 1.0 |
2010/09/27
|
Link
|
CES |
GeoTIFF is a public domain specification which allows
georeferencing information to be embedded within a TIFF file. The
potential additional information includes projections, coordinate
systems, ellipsoids, datums, and other information needed to establish
the spatial reference for the imagery or gridded data contained in the
file. The GeoTIFF format augments the TIFF format, so TIFF-enabled
software incapable of reading and interpreting the specialized
georeferencing metadata should still be able to open a GeoTIFF file
sufficiently to at least view the image or scanned map data. The
GeoTIFF specification defines a set of TIFF tags provided to describe
geographic and cartographic information associated with TIFF imagery
that originates from such sources as satellite imaging systems, scanned
aerial photography, scanned maps, digital elevation models, or as a
result of geographic analyses. Its aim is to allow the means for tying
a raster image to a known model space or map projection, and for
describing those projections. The tags documented in the GeoTIFF
specification are to be considered completely orthogonal to the
raster-data descriptions of the TIFF specification, and impose no
restrictions on how the standard TIFF tags are to be interpreted, which
color spaces or compression types are to be used, etc. |
Various participants within the National System for
Geospatial-Intelligence (NSG) have validated requirements to make
selected imagery and gridded data holdings available in Geographic
Tagged Image File Format (GeoTIFF), in addition to other NSG-supported
formats. GeoTIFF is not intended to replace NITF/NSIF as the prevailing
format for that data within the NSG. Rather, the intent is to enable
more timely (through automation) support for delivering imagery and
gridded data in a form suitable for direct ingest by the imagery and
Geospatial Information System (GIS) application software tools readily
available to those working in the civilian sector supporting disaster
relief, homeland security, and similar activities. While GeoTIFF is
widely used within the civilian sector, it has many options which often
result in non-interoperability among disparately developed
implementations. An NGA implementation profile, NGA.IP.0001_1.0, was
developed to help meet objectives for deployment of GeoTIFF-related
capabilities within the NSG that will also be widely supported within
the civilian sector. Compliance with the implementation profile
requires compliance with the TIFF and GeoTIFF specifications. The
Implementation Profile for GeoTIFF, NGA.IP.0001_1.0, is applicable for
use with uncompressed imagery, gridded data and transparency masks that
have been georeferenced (orthorectified, georectified or
equidistant-sampled data). The profile is not applicable for supporting
requirements for compression and georeferencable (non-rectified)
imagery within the NSG (see NITFS and JPEG 2000 DISR citations for
these applications). |
| HDF 5 |
Hierarchical Data Format V 5.0 |
2010/09/27 |
Link
|
CES |
Hierarchical Data Format is the name of a set of file
formats and libraries designed to store and organize large amounts of
numerical data. |
|
| INCITS 145 - 1986 [R2007] |
Codes for Identification of Hydrologic Units in the
U.S. and the Caribbean (Outlying) Areas |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
The codes are available here
|
CCS |
This standard presents and describes codes used for
the identification of hydrologic units in the United States and the
Caribbean outlying areas. The codes identify a hydrologic system that;
divides the United[ States and the Caribbean into 21 major regions .
These :regions are further subdivided into approximately 2,150 units
that delineate river basins having drainage areas usually greater than
700 square miles. The codes provide a standardized base for use by
water-resources organizations in the storage, retrieval., and exchange
of hydrologic data; the indexing and inventorying of hydrologic data
and information ; the cataloging of water-data acquisition activities;;
and a variety of other applications. |
|
| INCITS 31-2009 |
Information technology - Codes for the Identification
of Counties and Equivalent Areas of the United States, Puerto Rico, and
the Insular Areas |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
The codes are freely available here through
the Census Bureau
|
CCS |
This standard establishes a structure for the
assignment of identifying data codes to counties and county equivalents
of the United States and its insular and associated areas, for the
purpose of information interchange among data processing systems. |
|
| INCITS 38-2009 |
Information technology - Codes for the Identification
of the States and Equivalent Areas within the United States, Puerto
Rico, and the Insular Areas
The codes are freely available through Bureau of the Census at
http://www.census.gov/geo/www/ansi/ansi.html. |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
The codes are freely available here through
the Census Bureau
|
CCS |
This standard establishes a structure for the
assignment of identifying codes to states and state equivalents of the
United States and its insular areas, for the purpose of information
interchange among data processing systems. |
|
| INCITS 446-2008 |
Information technology - Identifying Attributes for
Named Physical and Cultural Geographic Features (Except Roads and
Highways) of the United States, Its Territories, Outlying Areas, and
Freely Associated Areas, and the Waters of the Same to the Limit of the
Twelve-Mile Statutory Zone |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
|
CCS |
This standard applies to selected named physical and
cultural geographic features, geographic areas, and locational entities
of all types, except roads and highways, that are generally
recognizable and locatable by name (i.e., have achieved some landmark
status) and are of interest to any level of government and the public
for any purpose that would lead to the representation of the feature in
printed or electronic maps and/or geographic information systems.
This standard applies to populated places, primary county divisions
(such as townships and census county divisions), American Indian and
Alaska Native areas, counties and equivalent legal and statistical
entities, including but not limited to, all those specified by the U.S.
Board on Geographic Names and U.S. Bureau of the Census in coordination
with federal, state, county, and local agencies responsible for land
and real property management. This standard covers the fifty
States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the outlying areas
(American Samoa, Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana
Islands, the Virgin Islands of the United States, and United States
Minor Outlying Islands) and freely associated areas (the Federated
States of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands and the Republic of Palau)
of the United States and the waters of the same to the limit of the
twelve mile statutory zone. |
|
| INCITS 453 - 2009 |
Information technology - North American Profile of ISO
19115:2003 - Geographic information - Metadata (NAP - Metadata) |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
The standard is freely available through
Land Infomation Ontario
|
RAS |
The North American Profile of ISO19115:2003 Geographic
information – Metadata is intended to identify geospatial metadata that
are needed for North American organizations to describe their
geospatial data, including dataset and dataset series, and related Web
services. It is based on ISO19115:2003 Geographic information –
Metadata and ISO19106:2004 Geographic information – Profiles. It also
includes service metadata from ISO19119:2005 Geographic information –
Services and implementation perspectives from ISO/TS19139:2007
Geographic information – Metadata – XML schema implementation. As
outlined in ISO19106:2004 Geographic Information – Profiles, it
satisfies conformance Class 1 since it defines a pure subset of
ISO19115:2003 Geographic information – Metadata and ISO19119:2005
Geographic information – Services. Retained metadata elements have been
selected to enhance discovery of geographic information within North
America and to minimize authorized duplications. The extension of code
lists is also intended to support to geographic information discovery.
Annex A provides the adjustments made to the ISO19115:2003 Geographic
information – Metadata and ISO19119:2005 Geographic information –
Services UML models. |
|
| INCITS 454 - 2009 |
Information technology - Codes for the Identification
of Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas and Related
Statistical Areas of the United States and Puerto Rico |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
The codes are freely available here through
the Census Bureau
|
CCS |
This standard establishes a structure for the
assignment of data codes by which to uniquely identify metropolitan and
micropolitan statistical areas (generically referred to as “core based
statistical areas”) and related statistical areas (i.e., metropolitan
divisions, combined statistical areas, New England city and town areas
(NECTAs), NECTA divisions, and combined NECTAs) of the United States
and Puerto Rico, for the purpose of information interchange among data
processing systems. |
|
| INCITS 455 - 2009 |
Information technology - Codes for the Identification
of Congressional Districts and Equivalent Areas of the United States,
Puerto Rico, and the Insular Areas |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
The codes are freely available here through
the Census Bureau |
CCS |
This standard establishes a structure for the
assignment of identifying data codes to congressional districts of the
United States and its insular and associated areas, for the purpose of
information interchange among data processing systems |
|
| INCITS/ISO 19107:2003[R2008] |
Geographic Information - Spatial schema |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here.
|
RAS |
This International Standard (ISO 19107:2003,
Geographic information - Spatial schema) specifies conceptual schemas
for describing the spatial characteristics of geographic features, and
a set of spatial operations consistent with these schemas. It treats
vector geometry and topology up to 3 dimensions. It defines standard
spatial operations for use in access, query, management, processing,
and data exchange of geographic information for spatial (geometric and
topological) objects of up to 3 topological dimensions embedded in
coordinate spaces of up to 3 axes. |
This standard is applicable to the storage,
manipulation, interchange, and exploitation of data in vector
form. It forms part of an overall conceptual model for geospatial data
in vector form that will eventually replace MIL-STF-2407. |
| INCITS/ISO 19108:2002[R2008] ISO
19108:2002 w/ Cor 1:2006 |
Geographic information - Temporal schema w/Corrigendum
1 |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here.
|
RAS |
This International Standard defines the standard
concepts needed to describe the temporal characteristics of geographic
information as they are abstracted from the real world. Temporal
characteristics of geographic information include feature attributes,
feature operations, feature associations, and metadata elements that
take a value in the temporal domain. The standard also specifies a
model for describing the temporal reference systems such as calendars
and temporal coordinate systems. |
This standard is applicable to the storage,
manipulation, interchange, and exploitation of data. This standard is
also applicable to other types of data that have a significant temporal
representation component. |
| INCITS/ISO 19110:2005 [R2010] |
Geographic information - Methodology for Feature
Cataloguing |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here.
|
RAS |
This standard defines a methodology for cataloging
feature types. Feature types are abstractions of real world phenomena
(e.g., roads, rivers, waves, wrecks, and winds). This standard may be
used as a basis for defining the universe of discourse being modeled in
a particular application, or to standardize general aspects of real
world features being modeled in more than one application. This
standard specifies how the classification of feature types is organized
into a feature catalogue and presented to the users of a set of
geospatial data. This standard is applicable to creating catalogs of
feature types in previously uncataloged domains and to revising
existing feature catalogs to comply with standard practice. |
This standard is applicable to the storage,
manipulation, interchange, and exploitation of data. By documenting
standardized collections and presentations of feature type information
(metadata) net-centric data sharing and interoperability is
facilitated. |
| INCITS/ISO 19111:2007 [2007] |
Geographic information - Spatial referencing by
coordinates |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here.
|
RAS |
Any coordinate-based usage of geographic information
needs a unique definition of the underlying reference system. A
standardized conceptual schema for coordinate-based reference systems
is necessary for geographic information to be shared between
applications. The schema will be of value to developers of geographic
information systems and other applications requiring data based upon
coordinate reference systems. It will also aid users in specifying
their requirements for data referenced by coordinates and will ensure
that data producers use coordinate reference systems which are
consistently defined. This International Standard establishes a common
requirement for describing coordinate reference systems (CRSs)
including the datum giving the relation to the Earth and the coordinate
system used. The standard stipulates that CRSs do not alter with time.
Changes with time are catered for by specification of new CRSs which
identify the epoch of their realisation. Hybrid coordinate reference
systems (HCRSs) are included to cater for situations when the
components of position come from different CRSs. A typical example
consists of geodetic coordinates (for horizontal position) and heights
related to sea level. The requirements for transformation of data with
reference to different datums are given, as well as the requirements
for conversion including map projection between different coordinate
systems. The definitions of accuracy and precision of spatial reference
by coordinates are given. This standard is complementary to
MIL-STD-2401 DoD World Geodetic System 84 (WGS84), 11 January
1994. |
This standard is applicable to those who wish to
establish a common requirement for describing coordinate reference
systems (CRSs) including the datum giving the relationship to the earth
and the coordinate system used. |
| INCITS/ISO 19111-2:2007 |
Georgraphic information - Spatial referencing by
coordinates - extension for parametric values |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
RAS |
This part of ISO 19111 describes the conceptual schema
for the description of spatial referencing using parametric values or
functions. It uses the schema of ISO 19111 to combine a position
referenced by coordinates with a parametric value to form a
spatio-parametric coordinate reference system. The spatio-parametric
coordinate reference system may optionally be extended to include
time. |
|
| INCITS/ISO 19112:2003 [2004] |
Geographic information - Spatial referencing by
geographic identifiers |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
RAS |
This standard specifies ways to define and describe
systems of spatial references using geographic identifiers that are not
based explicitly on coordinates but on a relationship with a location
defined by a geographic feature or features. The relationship of the
position to the feature may be: (a) containment, where the position is
within the geographic feature, for example in a country; (b) based on
local measurements, where the position is defined relative to a fixed
point or points in the geographic feature or features, for example at a
given distance along a street from a junction with another street; or
(c) loosely related, where the position has a fuzzy relationship with
the geographic feature or features, for example adjacent to a building
or between two buildings. In particular this standard specifies the
structure of gazetteers -- directories of geographic identifiers
describing location instances in accordance with a spatial reference
system. |
This standard is applicable to the storage,
manipulation, interchange, and exploitation of data. In particular it
addresses the representation of gazetteer-based (e.g., place name and
addressing) information. |
INCITS/ISO 19115:2003 [R2008] ISO 19115:2003 w/
ISO 19115 Cor. 1:2006
|
Geographic information - Metadata + Corrigendum 1 |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
RAS |
This International Standard defines the schema
required for describing geographic information and services. It
provides information about the identification, the extent, the quality,
the spatial and temporal schema, spatial reference, and distribution of
digital geographic data. |
This International Standard is applicable to: the
cataloguing of datasets, clearinghouse activities, and the full
description of datasets; geographic datasets, dataset series, and
individual geographic features and feature properties. |
| INCITS/ISO 19115-2:2009 [2009] |
Geographic information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions
for imagery and gridded data |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
RAS |
ISO 19115-2 extends ISO 19115, adding 138 additional
metadata elements for describing imagery datasets. |
|
| INCITS/ISO 19118:2005 [2006] |
Geographic information - Encoding |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
RAS |
ISO 19118 provides a model for rule based encoding of
data that conforms to an application schema. |
|
| INCITS/ISO 19119:2005 [R2010] |
Geographic information - Services |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
RAS |
ISO 19119 defines a geographic services taxonomy based
on the semantic characteristics of services and provides examples. That
taxonomy consists of the titles of the categories and the definitions
for the categories. |
|
| INCITS/ISO 19119:2005/AM 1:2008 [2008] |
Geographic information - Services - Amendment 1:
Extensions of the service metadata model |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
RAS |
ISO 19119:2005 with Amendment 1:2008 (1) identifies
and defines architecture patterns for service interfaces used for
geographic information and definition of the relationships to the Open
Systems Environment model; (2) provides a geographic services taxonomy
and a list of example geographic services placed in the services
taxonomy; (3) prescribes how to create a loosely and tightly coupled
platform-neutral service specification, and how to derive
platform-specific service specifications that are conformant; (4)
Supports the selection and specification of geographic services from
both platform-neutral and platform-specific perspectives. Amendment
1:2008 amends the Service Metadata defined in ISO 19119:2005 based on
implementation experience in the Open Geospatial Consortium. Changes
have been made to the abstract schema, primarily concerning the
relation between service metadata and dataset metadata, supporting both
loose and tightly coupled services. |
ISO 19119:2005 is applicable to the development and
implementation of specifications for loosely coupled geospatial
information services from both platform-neutral and platform-specific
perspectives. ISO 19119:2005 w/Amd 1:2008, with the base components
from ISO 19119:2005, is applicable to the development and
implementation of specifications for tightly coupled geospatial
information services from both platform-neutral and platform-specific
perspectives. |
| INCITS/ISO 19123:2005 [2006] |
Geographic information - Schema for coverage geometry
and functions |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
RAS |
This International Standard defines a conceptual
schema for the spatial characteristics of coverages. Coverages support
mapping from a spatial, temporal or spatiotemporal domain to feature
attribute values where feature attribute types are common to all
geographic positions within the domain. A coverage domain consists of a
collection of direct positions in a coordinate space that may be
defined in terms of up to three spatial dimensions as well as a
temporal dimension. Examples of coverages include rasters, triangulated
irregular networks, point coverages and polygon coverages. Coverages
are the prevailing data structures in a number of application areas,
such as remote sensing, meteorology and mapping of bathymetry,
elevation, soil and vegetation. This International Standard defines the
relationship between the domain of a coverage and an associated
attribute range. The characteristics of the spatial domain are defined
whereas the characteristics of the attribute range are not part of this
standard. |
|
| INCITS/ISO 19132:2007 [2008] |
Geographic information - Location Based Services -
Reference model |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
RAS |
This International Standard defines a reference model
and a conceptual framework for location-based services (LBS), and
describes the basic principles by which LBS applications may
interoperate. This framework references or contains an ontology, a
taxonomy, a set of design patterns and a core set of LBS service
abstract specifications in UML. This International Standard further
specifies the framework’s relationship to other frameworks,
applications and services for geographic information and to client
applications. |
|
| INCITS/ISO 19133:2005 [2006] |
Geographic information - Location Based Services -
Tracking and navigation |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
RAS |
This International Standard is a description of the
data and services needed to support tracking and navigation
applications for mobile clients. The web services views of this
International Standard are given in Annex C. This International
Standard describes the data types, and operations associated with those
types, for the implementation of tracking and navigation services. This
International Standard is designed to specify web services that can be
made available to wireless devices through web-resident proxy
applications, but is not restricted to that environment. |
|
| INCITS/ISO 19134:2007 [2007] |
Geographic information - Location Based Services -
Multimodal routing and navigation |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
RAS |
This International Standard provides a conceptual
schema for describing the data and services needed to support routing
and navigation application for mobile clients who intend to reach a
target position using two or more modes of transportation. This
International Standard provides a description of a service type to
support routing and navigation for a mode that operates either on a
fixed route or with a fixed schedule, a description of data type for
transfers, and a description of data type for schedule information and
route information of a mode with a fixed route and/or schedule. |
|
| INCITS/ISO 19135:2005 [2006] |
Geographic information - Procedures for registration
of geographical information items |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
RAS |
This International Standard specifies procedures to be
followed in establishing, maintaining and publishing registers of
unique, unambiguous and permanent identifiers and meanings that are
assigned to items of geographic information. In order to accomplish
this purpose, this International Standard specifies elements of
information that are necessary to provide identification and meaning to
the registered items and to manage the registration of these
items. |
|
| INCITS/ISO 19141:2008 [2008] |
Geographic information - Schema for moving
features |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
RAS |
This International Standard defines a standard method
to describe the geometry of a feature that moves as a rigid body. |
|
| ISO 19109:2005 |
Geographic information - Rules for application
schema |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
RAS |
This set of standards builds on the domain reference
model of ISO 19101. It provides a family of abstract conceptual schemas
for describing the fundamental components of features as elements of
geographic information. ISO 19109 specifies a general feature model for
integrating these components into features and provides rules for doing
so in an application schema. ISO 19107 specifies UML classes for
representing the spatial characteristics of features as composites of
geometric and/or topological primitives. ISO 19108 does the same for
the temporal characteristics of features and also specifies classes for
describing relevant temporal reference systems. ISO 19123 provides a
schema for an alternative representation of spatial information as a
coverage, in which non-spatial attributes are assigned directly to
geometric objects rather than to features composed of such objects. ISO
19141 extends ISO 19107 to support the description of moving geometric
objects. ISO 19137 provides a profile of ISO 19107 that is limited to
describing features as simple geometric primitives of 0, 1, or 2
dimensions. |
|
| ISO 19127:2005 |
Geographic information - Geodetic codes and
parameters |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
RAS |
This Technical Specification defines rules for the
population and maintenance of registers of geodetic codes and
parameters and identifies the data elements, in compliance with ISO
19111 and ISO 19135, required within these registers. Recommendations
for the use of the registers, the legal aspects, the applicability to
historic data, the completeness of the registers, and a mechanism for
maintenance are specified by the registers themselves. |
|
| ISO 19131:2007 |
Geographic information - Data product specifications +
Amendment 1 |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
RAS |
This International Standard describes requirements for
the specification of geographic data products, based upon the concepts
of other ISO 19100 International Standards. It describes the content
and structure of a data product specification. It also provides help in
the creation of data product specifications, so that they are easily
understood and fit for their intended purpose. |
|
| ISO 19136:2007 |
Geographic information - Geographic Markup
Language |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
OGC
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
CES |
ISO 19136:2007 is an XML encoding for the transport
and storage of geographic information modeled according to the
conceptual modeling framework used in the ISO 19100 series of
International Standards including both the spatial and non-spatial
properties of geographic features. The standard defines the XML Schema
syntax, mechanisms, and conventions that: (1) provide an open,
vendor-neutral framework for the description of geospatial application
schemas for the transport and storage of geographic information in XML;
(2) allow profiles that support proper subsets of framework descriptive
capabilities; (3) support the description of geospatial application
schemas for specialized domains and information communities; (4) enable
the creation and maintenance of linked geographic application schemas
and datasets; (5) support the storage and transport of application
schemas and data sets; and (6) increase the ability of organizations to
share geographic application schemas and the information they
describe. ISO 19136:2007 is equivalent to OpenGIS® GML 3.2.1 |
This standard is applicable to the development of
systems that have requirements to access or distribute geospatial data
using the eXtensible Markup Language (XML). |
| ISO 19144-1:2009 |
Geographic information -- Classification Systems --
Part 1: Classification system structure |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
RAS |
This part of ISO 19144 specifies the structure for a
classification system together with the mechanism of defining and
registering classifiers. This International Standard specifies the use
of discrete coverages to represent the result of applying a
classification system to an area. This structure permits the
development of other parts to this International Standard that address
specific classification systems. This International Standard also
defines the technical structure of a register of classifiers in
accordance with ISO 19135. |
|
| ISO 3166 |
ISO 3166 - Codes for the Representation of Names Of
Countries and their Subdivisions |
2010/09/27 |
ISO |
CES |
ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for the names
of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical
interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or
states). |
|
| ISO 6709:2008/Corrigendum 1:2009 |
Standards representation of geographic point locations
by coordinates w/Corrigendum 1 |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
RAS |
ISO 6709:2008 supports the interchange of coordinates
describing geographic point location. It specifies the representation
of coordinates, including latitude and longitude and other coordinate
types, to be used in data interchange. It specifies the representation
of height and depth that may be associated with horizontal coordinates.
Representation includes units of measure and coordinate order. |
This standard is applicable to the interchange of
coordinates describing geographic point location. It specifies the
representation of coordinates, including latitude and longitude, to be
used in data interchange. It additionally specifies representation of
horizontal point location using coordinate types other than latitude
and longitude. It also specifies the representation of height and depth
that may be associated with horizontal coordinates. Representation
includes units of measure and coordinate order. This International
Standard supports point location representation through the eXtensible
Markup Language (XML) and, recognizing the need for compatibility with
the previous version of this International Standard, ISO 6709:1983, and
allows for the use of a single alpha-numeric string to describe point
locations. This standard does not require special internal procedures,
file-organization techniques, storage medium, languages, etc., to be
used in its implementation. |
| ISO/IEC 13818-2:2000 |
MPEG 2 - video |
2010/09/27 |
ISO |
CES |
ISO/IEC 13818-2 defines the video standards for the
MPEG-2 system. |
The Motion Imagery (Video) standard specifies the
structure and data formats for the production, exchange, transmission,
or use of digital video data. |
| ISO/IEC 13818-3:1998 |
MPEG 2 - audio |
2010/09/27 |
ISO |
CES |
ISO/IEC 13818-3 defines the audio standards for the
MPEG-2 system. |
Audio for MI systems specifies data formats for the
exchange of the digital sound track associated with video in compressed
and non-compressed formats. |
| ISO/IEC 15444-1:2004 | ITU-T Rec. T.800 |
JPEG 2000 |
2010/09/27 |
ISO |
CES |
ISO/IEC 15444-1:2004 | ITU-T Rec. T.800 defines a set
of lossless (bit-preserving) and lossy compression methods for coding
bi-level, continuous-tone gray-scale, palletized color, or
continuous-tone color digital still images. |
Application areas for JPEG 2000 include:- Internet -
Digital Photography - Medical Imaging - Wireless imaging - Document
imaging - Pre-Press - Remote sensing and GIS - Cultural Heritage -
Scientific and Industrial - Digital Cinema - Image archives and
databases - Surveillance - Printing and scanning - FacsimileSee
http://www.jpeg.org/apps/index.html for more details on general
applicability of JPEG 2000. |
| ISO/IEC IS 10918-1 | ITU-T Recommendation T.81 |
JPEG |
2010/09/27 |
ISO
|
CES |
http://www.jpeg.org/jpeg/index.html |
|
| ISO/TS 19103:2004 |
Geographic information - Conceptual schema
language |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
RAS |
This Technical Specification identifies the
combination of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) static structure
diagram with its associated Object Constraint Language (OCL) and a set
of basic type definitions as the conceptual schema language for
specification of geographic information. Secondly, this Technical
Specification provides guidelines on how UML should be used to create
geographic information and service models that are a basis for
achieving the goal of interoperability. The data types defined in
this Technical Specification are those that are usually defined by the
development environment’s data definition language. Each of these types
can be represented in a variety of logically equivalent forms. The ones
presented here are not meant to restrict the usage of other equivalent
forms native to the chosen development environment. ISO/IEC 11404
presents an equivalent definition for most of the types and templates
presented here. |
|
| ISO/TS 19104:2008 |
Geographic information - Terminology |
2010/09/27 |
ISO/TC 211
|
RAS |
The ISO/TC 211 Multi-Lingual Glossary of Terms is a
compilation of terms developed from International Standards developed
by ISO/TC 211. Its purpose is to encourage consistency in the use and
interpretation of geospatial terms. Every record in the
glossary includes a term, its definitions and a reference to an
authoritative source document. Abbreviations, examples and notes are
also included where available. Terms and definitions that are under
review (due to a revision of an International standard) are clearly
identified.
|
|
| ISO/TS 19138:2006 |
Geographic information -- Data quality measures |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
RAS |
This Technical Specification defines a set of data
quality measures. These may be used when reporting data quality for the
data quality subelements identified in ISO 19113. Multiple measures are
defined for each data quality subelement, and the choice of which to
use will depend on the type of the data and its intended purpose. |
|
| ISO/TS 19139:2007 |
Geographic information -- Metadata -- XML schema
implementation |
2010/09/27 |
ANSI
A factsheet for this standard is available here. |
CES |
This part of the ISO 191XX Family of Standards
provides a spatial metadata XML (spatial metadata eXtensible Mark-up
Language (smXML)) encoding, an XML schema implementation derived from
ISO 19115, Geographic information Metadata. The metadata includes
information about the identification, constraint, extent, quality,
spatial and temporal reference, distribution, lineage, and maintenance
of the digital geographic dataset. ISO/TS 19139 is designed to provide
a common XML specification for describing, validating and exchanging
geographic metadata. The Standard is intended to promote
interoperability, and exploit ISO 19115's advantages in a concrete
implementation specification. The implementation specification details
the following: The XML schemas will be derived directly from the
harmonized ISO 191XX UML master model to ensure one common schema. The
transformation of the ISO 19115 and related ISO/TC 211 abstract UML
models into XML schema. For informative purposes, scripts for
performing the transformation are referenced. This process follows the
guidelines defined by ISO 19106. Provides dataset implementation and
extension examples. Provides an abstract conformance test suite.
Although this specification is directly intended to describe geographic
metadata for datasets, the nature of the XML schema allows the schemas
defined here to be applied to datasets, aggregations of datasets,
geographic features, feature attributes, feature types, and feature
attribute types, etc. While the specifics of non-dataset usage of the
XML schemas defined here are outside the scope of this specification,
these XML schemas are designed to support these types of
implementations. |
ISO/TS 19139 is applicable to provide a common XML
specification for describing, validating and exchanging geographic
metadata. It is intended to promote interoperability, and exploit ISO
19115's advantages in a concrete implementation specification. |
| NetCDF |
NetCDF (Network Common Data Form) |
2010/09/27 |
Link
|
CES |
NetCDF (Network Common Data Form) is a set of software
libraries and self-describing, machine-independent data formats that
support the creation, access, and sharing of array-oriented scientific
data. |
|
| OGC 04-094; OGC 06-027r1 |
OpenGIS® Web Feature Service Implementation
Specification, version 1.1.0 with Corrigendum 1
|
2010/09/27 |
OGC
|
CSS |
A Web Feature Service (WFS) request consists of a
description of query or data transformation operations that are to be
applied to one or more features. The request is generated on the client
and is posted to a web feature server using HTTP. The web feature
server then reads the request and returns a set of results that
conforms to the OpenGIS Geography Markup Language Implementation
Specification. |
This standard is applicable to the development of
systems that have requirements to access or distribute geospatial
feature data over a network. |
| OGC 04-095 |
OpenGIS® Filter Encoding Implementation Specification,
version 1.1 |
2010/09/27 |
OGC
|
CES |
A filter expression is a construct used to constrain
the property values of an object type for the purpose of identifying a
subset of object instances to be operated upon in some manner. This
specification describes an XML encoding of the OGC Common Catalog Query
Language (CQL) as a system neutral representation of a query predicate.
Using the numerous XML tools available today, such an XML
representation can be easily validated, parsed and then transformed
into whatever target language is required to retrieve or modify object
instances stored in some a persistent object store. For example, an XML
encoded filter could be transformed into a WHERE clause for a SQL
SELECT statement to fetch data stored in a SQL-based relational
database. Similarly, an XML encoded filter expression could be
transformed into an XPath or XPointer expression for fetching data from
XML documents. A large class of OpenGIS; web based service requires the
ability to express filter expressions in XML. The filter encoding
described in this document is a common component that can be used by a
number of OGC web services. Any service that requires the ability to
query objects from a web-accessible repository can make use of the XML
filter encoding described in this document. For example, a web feature
service may use the XML filter encoding in a GetFeature operation to
define query constraints. Other services based of the web feature
service, such as Gazetteer or the Web Registry Service, could also make
use of this filter encoding. |
This standard is applicable to the development of
systems that use the interfaces specified by the OpenGIS® Web Feature
Service Implementation Specification. |
| OGC 05-005; OGC 08-050 |
OpenGIS® Web Map Context (WMC) Documents
Implementation Specification, Version 1.1.0 w/Corrigendum 1 |
2010/09/27 |
OGC
|
CES |
This is a companion specification to the OGC Web Map
Service Interface Implementation Specification. WMS specifies how
individual map servers describe and provide their map content. The
Context specification states how a specific grouping of one or more
maps from one or more map servers can be described in a portable,
platform-independent format for storage in a repository or for
transmission between clients. This description is known as a "Web Map
Context Document," or simply a "Context." A Context document includes
information about the server(s) providing layer(s) in the overall map,
the bounding box and map projection shared by all the maps, sufficient
operational metadata for Client software to reproduce the map, and
ancillary metadata used to annotate or describe the maps and their
provenance for the benefit of human viewers. A Context document is
structured using eXtensible Markup Language (XML). Annex A of this
specification contains the XML Schema against which Context XML can be
validated. |
This specification applies to the creation and use of
documents which unambiguously describe the state, or "Context," of a
WMS Client application in a manner that is independent of a particular
client and that might be utilized by different clients to recreate the
application state. There are no competing standards. |
| OGC 05-007r7; OGC 08-091r6 |
OpenGIS® Web Processing Service, Version: 1.0.0 w/
Corrigendum
|
|
OGC
|
CSS |
WPS provides client access across a network to
pre-programmed calculations and/or computation models that operate on
spatially referenced data. WPS defines a standardized interface that
facilitates the publishing of geospatial processes, and the discovery
of and binding to those processes by clients. Processes include any
algorithm, calculation or model that operates on spatially referenced
data. Publishing means making available machine-readable binding
information as well as human-readable metadata that allows service
discovery and use. The calculation can be extremely simple or highly
complex, with any number of data inputs and outputs. |
When a system requires client access across a network
to pre-programmed calculations and/or computation models that operate
on spatially referenced data over the world wide web. |
| OGC 05-077r4 |
OpenGIS® Symbology Encoding Implementation
Specification, version 1.1.0 |
2010/09/27 |
OGC
|
CES |
Symbology Encoding (SE) defines an XML language to
encode user-defined styling information that can be applied to digital
Feature and Coverage data. SE defines the grammar for styling map data
independent of any service interface specification and defines styling
language rules that the client and server can both understand to
portray the output of Web Map Servers, Web Feature Servers and Web
Coverage Servers. SE graphical parameters and their values are derived
from SVG/CSS2 standards with identical names and semantics. |
This specification is applicable to the development of
systems that require the ability to encode and portray digital Feature
and Coverage data using user-defined styling language rules. |
| OGC 05-078r4 |
Styled Layer Descriptor profile of the Web Map Service
Implementation Specification, version 1.1.0 |
2010/09/27 |
OGC
|
CES |
This specification addresses the need for geospatial
consumers (either humans or machines) to control the visual portrayal
of the data with which they work. The OpenGIS Web Map Service (WMS)
Implementation Specification supports the ability for an information
provider to specify very basic styling options by advertising a preset
collection of visual portrayals for each available data set. However,
while a WMS can provide the user with a choice of style options, the
WMS can only tell the user the name of each style. It cannot tell the
user what the portrayal will look like on the map. More importantly,
the user has no way of defining styling rules. This specification
defines a styling language for both purposes that the client and server
can both understand. |
The standard may be used for the development of any
system intended to provide net access to data to be displayed as a map
or spatially reference image, and for systems that need to access and
display such data. It should be used in either case if there is a
requirement for user-specified map symbology. There are no competing
standards. |
| OGC 06-009r6 |
OpenGIS® Sensor Observation Service Interface
Standard, version 1.0.0 |
2010/09/27 |
OGC
|
CSS |
Sensor Observation Service (SOS) Standard provides web
service interface for requesting, filtering, and retrieving
observations and sensor system information. This is the intermediary
between a client and an observation repository or near real-time sensor
channel. A Sensor Observation Service provides an API for managing
deployed sensors and retrieving sensor data and specifically
observation data. Whether from in-situ sensors (e.g., water monitoring)
or dynamic sensors (e.g., satellite imaging), measurements made from
sensor systems contribute most of the geospatial data by volume used in
geospatial systems today. |
This standard should be used for the development of
any system that requires web service interface for requesting,
filtering, and retrieving observations and sensor system
information. |
| OGC 06-024r4 |
OpenGIS® Location Services: Tracking Service Interface
Standard |
2010/09/27 |
OGC
|
CSS?? |
|
|
| OGC 06-042 |
OpenGIS® Web Map Service Implementation Specification,
Version 1.3.0 |
2010/09/27 |
OGC
|
CSS |
This Standard provides two operations (GetCapabilities
and GetMap) that support of the creation and display of registered and
superimposed map-like views of information that comes simultaneously
from multiple sources that are both remote and heterogeneous. An
optional third operations (GetFeatureInfo) provides access to
information about displayed map features. |
The standard should be used for the development of any
system intended to provide net access to data to be displayed as a map
or spatially referenced image, and for systems that need to access and
display such data. There are no competing standards. |
| OGC 07-000, OGC 07-122r2 |
OpenGIS® SensorML Encoding Standard v 1.0 w/Schema
Corregendum 1 (1.01) |
2010/09/27 |
OGC
|
CES |
The primary focus of SensorML is to define processes
and processing components associated with the measurement and
post-measurement transformation of observations. The SensorML document
also defines the Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) Common data types used
throughout the SWE encodings and services. This corrigendum corrects
sections of the SWE Common schema. |
|
| OGC 07-006r1; OGC 07-010 |
OpenGIS® Catalogue Service (CAT) Implementation
Specification (2.0.2) + Corrigendum for OpenGIS Implementation
Specification 07-006: Catalogue Services, Version 2.0.2 |
2010/09/27 |
OGC
|
CSS |
This standard specifies the interfaces between clients
and catalogue services, through the presentation of abstract and
implementation-specific models. Catalogue services support the ability
to publish and search collections of descriptive information (metadata)
for data, services, and related information objects. Metadata in
catalogues represent resource characteristics that can be queried and
presented for evaluation and further processing by both humans and
software. Catalogue services are required to support the discovery and
binding to registered information resources within an information
community. The standard specifies the interfaces, bindings, and a
framework for defining application profiles required to publish and
access digital catalogues of metadata for geospatial data, services,
and related resource information. Metadata act as generalized
properties that can be queried and returned through catalogue services
for resource evaluation and, in many cases, invocation or retrieval of
the referenced resource. Catalogue services support the use of one of
several identified query languages to find and return results using
well-known content models (metadata schemas) and encodings. CAT 2.0.2
is a corrigendum of CAT 2.0.1 and includes many additions and changes,
most increasing clarity or fixing errors for the protocol binding. |
The OpenGIS Catalogue Service Implementation
Specification is applicable to the implementation of interfaces on
electronic catalogues for Geospatial information. There are no
competing standards. |
| OGC 07-045 |
OpenGIS® Catalogue Services Specification 2.0.2 - ISO
Metadata Application Profile |
2010/09/27 |
OGC
|
CSS |
This application profile document specifies the
interfaces, bindings, and encodings required to publish and access
digital catalogues of metadata for geospatial data, services, and
applications that comply with the given profile. Metadata act as
generalized properties that can be queried and returned through
catalogue services for resource evaluation and, in many cases,
invocation or retrieval of the referenced resources. |
|
| OGC 07-057r7 |
OpenGIS® Web Map Tile Service Implementation Standard,
version 1.0.0 |
2010/09/27 |
OGC
|
CSS |
This Web Map Tile Service (WMTS) Implementation
Standard provides a standard based solution to serve digital maps using
predefined image tiles. The service advertises the tiles it has
available through a standardized declaration in the ServiceMetadata
document common to all OGC web services. This declaration defines the
tiles available in each layer (i.e. each type of content), in each
graphical representation style, in each format, in each coordinate
reference system, at each scale, and over each geographic fragment of
the total covered area. The ServiceMetadata document also declares the
communication protocols and encodings through which clients can
interact with the server. Clients can interpret the ServiceMetadata
document to request specific tiles. |
This OGC® document is applicable to servers and
clients that can serve and consume rendered tile maps. It can be
combined with other OGC standards and also integrated with the emerging
RESTful applications and "mash-ups". |
| OGC 07-067r5, 07-066r5 |
OpenGIS® Web Coverage Service (WCS) Implementation
Standard, version 1.1.2 w/Corregindum 2 |
2010/09/27 |
OGC
|
CSS |
A WCS provides access to potentially detailed and rich
sets of geospatial information in forms that are useful for client-side
rendering, multi-valued coverages, and input into scientific models and
other clients. It provides available data together with their detailed
descriptions; allows complex queries against these data; and returns
data with its original semantics (instead of pictures) which can be
interpreted, extrapolated, etc. -- and not just portrayed. The WCS
returns representations of space-varying phenomena that relate a
spatiotemporal domain to a (possibly multidimensional) range of
properties. This version of WCS supports only grid coverages. Examples
include remotely-sensed images, raster maps, digital terrain models.
The WCS provides three operations: GetCapabilities, GetCoverage, and
DescribeCoverage. The GetCapabilities operation returns an XML document
describing the service and brief descriptions of the data collections
from which clients may request coverages. The DescribeCoverage
operation lets clients request a full description of one or more
coverages served by a particular WCS server. The server responds with
an XML document that fully describes the identified coverages. The
GetCoverage operation returns a coverage (that is, values or properties
of a set of geographic locations), bundled in a well-known coverage
format. |
The WCS specification is used for the development of
any system that is intended to provide access to, or to access,
coverage data such as remotely sensed images, raster maps, or digital
terrain models. There are no competing standards. |
| OGC 07-074 |
OpenGIS® Location Services (OpenLS): Core Services,
version 1.2 |
2010/09/27 |
OGC
|
CSS?? |
The OpenGIS® Open Location Services Interface Standard
(OpenLS) specifies interfaces that enable companies in the Location
Based Services (LBS) value chain to “hook up” and provide their pieces
of applications such as emergency response (E-911, for example),
personal navigator, traffic information service, proximity service,
location recall, mobile field service, travel directions, restaurant
finder, corporate asset locator, concierge, routing, vector map
portrayal and interaction, friend finder, and geography voice-graphics.
These applications are enabled by interfaces that implement OpenLS
services such as a Directory Service, Gateway Service, Geocoder
Service, Presentation (Map Portrayal) Service and others. |
|
| OGC 07-134r2 |
OGC KML 2.2 – Abstract Test Suite (1.0.0) |
2010/09/27 |
OGC
|
RAS |
This document is an abstract test suite (ATS): a
compendium of abstract test cases that provide a basis for verifying
the structure and content of OGC KML 2.2 instance documents. |
|
| OGC 07-147r2 |
OpenGIS® KML, version 2.2.0 |
2010/09/27 |
OGC
|
CES |
KML is an XML language focused on geographic
visualization and used to encode and transport representations of
geographic data for display in web browser., including annotation of
maps and images. Geographic visualization includes not only the
presentation of graphical geographic data, but also the control of the
user's navigation. KML uses a tag-based structure with nested elements
and attributes. KML documents and their related images (if any) may be
compressed using the ZIP format into KMZ archives. KML documents and
KMZ archives may be shared by e-mail, hosted locally for sharing within
a private internet, or hosted on a web server. |
This standard is applicable to the development of
systems that require the ability to visualize earth based geographic
data in a web browser. |
| OGC 08-028r7 |
OpenGIS® Location Services (OpenLS): Part 6-Navigation
Service |
2010/09/27 |
OGC
|
CSS?? |
This OpenGIS Implementation Standard defines the
interfaces for OpenGISÒ Location Services (OpenLS): Part 6 - Navigation
Service (formerly the Full Profile of the Route Determination Service),
which is part of the GeoMobility Server (GMS), an open location
services platform. |
|
| OGC 06-024r4 |
OpenGIS® Location Services: Tracking Service
Interface Standard |
2010/09/27 |
OGC
|
CSS?? |
The OpenGIS Tracking Service Interface Standard
supports a very simple functionality allowing a collection of movable
objects to be tracked as they move and change orientation. The standard
addresses the absolute minimum in functionality in order to address the
need for a simple, robust, and easy-to-implement open standard for
geospatial tracking. |
|
| OGC® 07-014r3 |
OpenGIS® Sensor Planning Service Implementation
Specification, version 1.0.0 |
2010/09/27 |
OGC
|
CSS |
Sensor Planning Service (SPS) defines an interface to
task any form of sensor or model. SPS enables a client to determine
collection feasibility for a desired set of collection requests for one
or more mobile sensors/platforms, or a client may submit collection
requests directly to these sensors/platforms. Using SPS, sensors can be
reprogrammed or calibrated, sensor missions can be started or changed,
simulation models executed and controlled. The feasibility of a tasking
request can be checked and alternatives may be provided. SPS
implementations cover a wide range of application scenarios. SPS is
currently used to control assets such as simple web cams as well as
satellite missions. |
This standard should be used for the development of
any system that requires the ability to task any form of sensor or
model. |
| TIFF Revision 6.0 |
Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) |
2010/09/27 |
Link
|
CES |
TIFF is a tag-based file format for storing and
interchanging raster images. TIFF describes image data that typically
comes from scanners, frame grabbers, and paint- and photo-retouching
programs. A primary goal of TIFF is to provide a rich environment
within which applications can exchange image data. This richness is
required to take advantage of the varying capabilities of scanners and
other imaging devices. Though TIFF is a rich format, it can easily be
used for simple scanners and applications as well because the number of
required fields is small. |
TIFF is capable of describing bilevel, grayscale,
palette-color, and full-color image data in several color spaces. TIFF
includes a number of compression schemes that allow developers to
choose the best space or time tradeoff for their applications. TIFF is
not tied to specific scanners, printers, or computer display hardware.
TIFF is portable. It does not favor particular operating systems, file
systems, compilers, or processors. TIFF allows the inclusion of an
unlimited amount of private or special-purpose information. For
application within Geospatial Intelligence (GEOINT) environments: While
TIFF is widely used within the civilian sector, it has many options
which often result in non-interoperability among disparately developed
implementations. An NGA implementation profile, NGA.IP.0001_1.0, was
developed to help meet objectives for deployment of TIFF-related
capabilities within the NSG that will also be widely supported within
the civilian sector. Compliance with the implementation profile
requires compliance with the TIFF specification. The Implementation
Profile for GeoTIFF, NGA.IP.0001_1.0, is applicable for use with
uncompressed imagery, gridded data and transparency masks that have
been georeferenced (orthorectified, georectified or equidistant-sampled
data). The profile is not applicable for supporting requirements for
compression and georeferencable (non-rectified) imagery within the NSG
(see NITFS and JPEG 2000 DISR citations for these applications). |
| UML 2.2 |
Unified Model Language (UML) 2.2 |
2010/09/27 |
Link
|
RAS |
Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a standardized
general-purpose modeling language in the field of software engineering.
The standard is managed, and was created by, the Object Management
Group. UML includes a set of graphic notation techniques to
create visual models of software-intensive systems. |
|
